Briefly outline the functions of the kidneys.
The “renal and fluids/electrolytes” group of LO’s are BT_PO 1.61 to BT_PO 1.82. Quite a few of these are applicable to this SAQ.
The following are random facts about the kidneys – they are not an attempt to suggest a structure or outline for answering the SAQ.
T / F in the absence of ADH, 20% of the glomerular filtrate would remain in the collecting ducts, producing a urine output of 30 L/day
T / F erythropoietin is synthesised in the kidneys – this is the only endogenous source in the human body
T / F some drug metabolism occurs in the kidneys, but this is limited to CYP450 enzymes only
T / F the kidneys are important for long term regulation of blood pressure, via regulating sodium and water balance
T / F during a metabolic acidosis, increased hydrogen ion excretion by the kidneys occurs mainly as ammonium
T / F in response to hypotension, renin is released from the macula densa
T / F the kidneys are capable of gluconeogenesis
T / F aldosterone provides the main control over renal potassium excretion
References:
1. Kam & Power 3rd edition, Chapter 7
2. Vander 8th edition (use this book to supplement Kam & Power as needed to enhance understanding)